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Very good description, Pina. Mind the groundspeed as reference for the VS. By the way, did I mention that I've found some nice freeware for South America and with a lot of details for Brazil? http://www.fsxamericagigascenery2010.xpg.com.br/ It was a pain to download, but is a fun to fly and explore. And your country offers some nice views and approaches.  Smiley

Thanks for your nice comment, CoolP. :)


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im flying 727 with radio navigation only. If i fly to small regional airport with no DME service i just marking the time from last beacon. I convert IAS to TAS by table, so using clock and TAS i know how far me from last beacon. knowing leg length, its simple to find out when to descend. i descending using 3x rule. Smiley

windplayer, actually you are using dead reckoning process to calculate one's current position by using a previously beacon, or fix, and advancing that position based upon known or estimated speeds over elapsed time, and course. Despite the disadvantage of dead reckoning is that since new values are calculated solely from previous values, any errors and uncertainties of the process are cumulative, but it works.

Cheers,

Pinatubo.